Carburetor



sheet 1.

2 Sheets (No Model.)

D. R. BAKER.

GARBURBTOR.

YPatenteJem IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII Q v zuren-pn HEM NA PETERS. mmumagmphen wasmpgmn. nl:

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

n. RBAKER. GARBURETOR.

No. 291,128. y Patented Jan. 1, 1884.

l A.l lll Unirse f STATES nnLos n. BAKER, or

@PATENT @tric a'.

L UnLow, KENTUCKY.

',CARQBURETOR.

` SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 291,128, dated January 1, 1884, Application filed December 2T, lSSQ. (No model.) I l To' LZZ whom it 77mg/ concern:

Be it known that I, DELos R. BAKER, a resident ofthe town of Ludlow, in the county of Kenton and State of Kentucky, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carburetors, of which the following is a specication.

f My invention relates to apparatus for inpregnating or enriching air or any other gas with the vaporof a volatile liquid hydrocarbon, or with a xed hydrocarbon gas. i

- The 'several features of myA invention and their advantages are set forth in the following description. Y

Referring to the drawings forming part of this specification, Figure l is a sectional elevation of an apparatus illustrating` my invention. f Figs. 2 and 3'are sectionalviews of ap,- paratus also illustrating my invention. Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation, showing the construction of the internal mechanism shown in elevation` in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 represents a' receptacle constructedwith special reference to the'admixture of air with gaseous hydrocarbons or the admixture of any two gases. Fig. 6 is a top view ofthe devices shown invFigs. 2, 3,1and 5, the central rod shown in Figs. 2 and 3 being omitted. f

Ais a receptacle, made of glass, metal, or other desired material, the top A of which is soldered or otherwise secured to the receptacle in such a manner as that no gas or vapor can 'escape between the body andthe top of the receptacle, lithinV this receptacle A is located a tube or tubes, B, of rubber or other semi-porous material. In Fig. l the receptacle A is of an annular ferm in horizontal crosssection, being contained within the cylindrical walls H and K. In this receptacle A a tube, B, of a material impervious to liquid except by osmosis, is present in the formof a coil. f This receptacle is here represented asbeing made -cof' sheet metal, and the top is provided with asuitable.filling-orifice, f, through which the liquid isk introduced, and an exit-'orifice controlled by a faucet, L, is connected to the lower portion of the receptacle'A.

ing, which moisture will gradually work toward the bottom of the tubing, from which it will drop into the chamber F, and from which latter it may be withdrawn through the cock f. The upper end of the tubing B passes up through the'top of the receptacle A, and is'provided with a stop-cock, b. Thelower end of the tubing communicates with the chamber F,which latter also communicates with an inlet-pipe, c. Into the receptacle A the liquid hydrocarbon is poured through the orifice f until the desired amount of tubing is covered with the liquid, the height to which the liquid has risen in the receptacle A being indicated by a gage-tube, g, communicating with'said receptacle.

posed of rubber) is such that it causes the rubber to swell and become more subject Vto osmotic action, and the vapor arising from volatilization of the liquid passes through the pores and mixes with the air or other gas within the tubing.l This air or other gas is forced throughthe tubing by any desired mechanism, and a pipe may be connected to the stop-cock b', through which the air or other gas, after impregnation or enrichmentv as above mentionedfmay be conducted to the desired point. The annular form of the receptacle A is `not essential. It may be made of any shape and configuration desired 5 but in some cases it isfdesirable that the receptacle A shall contain no more of the liquid hydrocarbon than is necessary for the purposes ofthe apparatus, in which'cases the annular form of the receptacle A, orfthat of a long cylinder or parallelopipedon, 'will be found convenient. A

. It is sometimes desirable to provide means for causing more or less of the tubi-ngB to be submerged in the liquid, in which event one of the simple and effective ways of accomplishing the desired object last named is` that illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4, in which lfigures the pipe or tube composing the coil B, is` wound in thus formed may, when desired, be supported by a cylindrical body, C, placedvwithin'the coil. This body C may be solid or hollow, as shown, the ends a a of the tube B passing Aup having stop-cocks `b' connected, respectively, thereto. At. intervals around this 'coil are The action of the liquid hydro-- carbon on the rubber (when the tubing is com- -the form of a hollow cylinder, and this coil IOO through the top A of the receptacle A, and

placed the vertical stay-loops d, which hold the various turns ofthe coil B in position with reference to each other. To this cylinder C is connected a rod, D, which passes up th rou gli the top A, the point where it passes through the top being guarded by a suitable stuffing box, E, to prevent any leakage. Avery simple forni of such stuffing-box is that shown in Fig. 3, and is as follows: A disk, c, of rubber or other elastic material, is secured to the inner face of the top A by being inserted into a box consisting of ailange, c', secured to the top A, and a bottom, c2, secured to the flange, an opening being left iii one part ot' the edge of the box, and through this opening the packing is inserted. The rod D passes through this elastic disk. Vheii it is desired to obtain the operative effect of all the tubing B, the rcceptacle A is iilled,so that the tubing B is submerged. Iii filling the receptacle by regiilating the height to which the hydrocarbon liquid rises in reference to the tubing, the operative effect of the said tubing may be regulated. A more convenient and ready inode of regulating the amount of enrichment or iinpiegnation obtained by the tubing consists in making the receptacle about twice the height of the coil or tubing B and filling the receptacle A about half full, and in connecting the tubing B to the rod D, so that the elevation or depression of the rod carries with it the tubing B. In this way, by vertically moving the rod, any desired number of turns of the coil or length of tubing B may be submerged in the liquid, presenting more or less surface of tubing to the action of the liquid, thus increasing or diminishing the quantity ot' vapor which passes through tliepores of the tubing. These stay-loops or their equivalents may be connected to the tubing and directly or indirectly to the rod D in any suitable 1naiiiier,wh ereby the tubing may be supported or lifted. In the present instance they are connected at top to the top of a cylinder, C, placed within the coil of tubing, and at bottoni they are connected to a flange, G, of said cylinder, upon which flange, in the present instance, the coil rests. The rod D is here shown connected to the cylinder C at the interior of the latter.

Another convenient inode of regulating the amount of enrichment or impregnation 0btained by the tubing is as follows: In Fig. 2 the coil B is not connected to a spool, as in Fig. 3, but remains stationary in the lower part of t-lie receptacle A. To the lower end of the rod D is connected apluiiger, D', which is of slightly less diameter than the inside diameter of the coil B. \Vhen this plunger is to be made very large, it may have a groove or channel, d', formed in one side, which channel receives the tube a', extending from the bottom of the coil up through the top A', so that as the plunger is raised and loweiedit will not interfere with the tube. The receptacle A is partly filled, usually as high as the dotted line .e z of Fig. 2. Vhen the plunger D .is raised, as shown in Fig. 2, the liquid surrounds only the lower turns of the coil B, and when it is desired to have more of the vapor pass into the tube the plunger is lowered, and as it is so lowered it displaccs the liquid, causing the latter to rise higher in the receptacle, thus submerging more of the coil, and thereby exposing more of the surface to the action of the liquid. Thus it will be seeii that the operation of the constructions shown in Figs. 2 and 3 is the saine, the only difference being that in one the coil is raised and lowered in the liquid, and in the other the coil is stationary, the liquid in both eases being caused to cover a greater or less number of the turns of the coil.

Instead of moving the tubing or usinga plunger, D', air may be employed. to displace the liquid hydrocarbon and cause the latter to rise in the receptacle. Thus a hollow cylinderas, for example, C, closed at top and having its interior space connected by a pipe having a stopcock-niay be employed. As air is forced into the cylinder through this pipe, the fluid is displaced within said cylinder, and thus raises the height ot' the fluid in the receptacle. If desired, the receptacle shown in Figs. 2 and 3 may also be provided with a drip-chamber similar in purpose to the chamber F of Fig. l, the lower end of the tubing communicating therewith. The receptacle Ais provided with a suitable inlet-orifice, j', provided with a device for closingthc orifice. Thus a stopper may be used, or a cap, as shown in Fig. 1, or a stop-cock, as shown in Fig. (3. rlhe liquid hydrocarbon may be contained and passed through the length ot' tubing B, and the air or other gas may be contained in and forced through the receptacle A. By these means enrichment or impregnation of the gas or air will take place, substantially as afore described, but with not quite as good results. For this purpose the top ot the receptacle A may be provided with a fourth orifice, controlled by a cock or other suitable device, and constituting an exit-passage from the receptacle A for the air or gas from the said receptacle, when a more or less continuous outflow is desired. Such a fourth orifice is shown in Fig. 6.

In the foregoing description I have described niy invention as applicable to the admixture of air and vapor formed from a volatile liquid hydrocarbon; but it is equally applicable to the admixture of air and a gaseous hydrocarbon, or to the admixture of any two gases, and for this purpose the construction shown in Figs. 5 and 6 is preferably employed. The receptacle A and tubing B may be in all respects similar to those shown in Fig. 2, excepting that the plunger D and its connections are omitted, and the fourth orifice, f, last mentioned is present. If the tubing be composed of rubber, it is first subjected to the action of a liquid hydrocarbon, which, as before stated, renders the tube more subject to osmotic action. The tubing being Within the receptacle A, one ofthe gases to be mixed is introduced IIO into or passed through the receptacle around the tubing, the other gas being passed through the tubing. The two gases pass by osmosis through the substance of the tube, the excess of pressure within or without the coil regulating the direction in which the greatest amount of gas will pass.

To indicate the pressure of the gas outside of the tubing in receptacle A, a gage, G, is connected to the receptacle A and communicates with the interior thereof. The admixture of any two gases, one of which being non-combustible, may thus be accomplishedl with perfect safety, as, should any explosion occur,` it spends its force either within the receptacle A or within the tubing, and will not therefore be communicated to the gasometer containing the supply of combustible gas. The pores of the tubing are not opened by the action of the liquid hydrocarbon to such an extent as to allow the hydrocarbon to pass through in a liquid state, and therefore only the vaporized products pass in to the tubing.

Oarburetors manufactured on the above-described principle are very effective, durable, free from dangerby explosions, and exert little back-pressure upon the air or other gas forced through them. Obviously the tubular form of Wall is to be preferred above all other forms, as it affords more surface of the mate'- rial which is impervious to liquid, but permits osmosis in a receptacle of a given amount of cubical contents. This tubular form is also of great advantage, in that it relieves the air or gas to be enriched or impregnated of backpressure, and is also of advantage in that it lessens the danger of explosion when the said air or other gas is a supporter of combustion, since, should an explosion take place, it will be a light and slow explosion, and be confined withinv the tube, instead of reaching any reservoir of combustibles.

The tube B, instead of being composed of pure or preferably vulcanized rubber, may be composed of the congeners of rubber-such as caoutchouc and allied gums-or compounds of rubber-such as pigmented rubber and the likeor4 of artificial rubbers-such as oxidized and vulcanized oil and the like. f

One of the advantages of employing material such as mentioned in the last paragraph is, that it acts as a vaporous lter for that largest part of the volatile liquid. hydrocarbon which vaporizes at ordinary temperatures, leaving the residue or heavier part to be withdrawn from the receptacle without clogging the apparatus.

In compliance with the ruling` of the Commissioner of Patents, I do not herein lay claim to certain features of invention shown particularly in Figs. 2, 43, and 4, but will make these the subject of an application or applications for Letters Patent, which are a division hereof.

Vhat I claim as new and of my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. For use in the process of enriching or impregnating gases, and incombination with the receptacle for liquid hydrocarbon, and with means for supplying air or gas, a tubular wall impervious to liquid except by osmosis, interposed between the volatile liquid hydrocarbon and the gas to be enriched or impregnated, whereby the hydrocarbon is prevented from mingling in a liquid state with said gas, but is enabled to be conveyed through 4said `tubular wall to said gas in a state of vapor,

substantially as and for the purposes specified.

2. The combination of receptacle A, tubing B, made of material impervious to liquids except by osmosis, and the chamber F, communicating with the interior of the lower portion of the tubing, and provided with a suitable discharge-orice closed and opened by a suitable device, asf', substantially as and for the purposes specified.

3. The combination of receptacle A, holding`a volatile hydrocarbon liquid. the tubing B, impervious to liquid except by osmosis, and mechanism for enabling the operator to .regulate the amount of exterior surface of the tubing which shall be in contact with the hydro carbon, substantially as and for the purposes specied.

4. For use in the process of enriching and impregnating gases, and in combination with the receptacle for liquid hydrocarbon, and with means for supplying air or gas, a tubular wall made of pure rubber, caoutchouc, its allied gums, or the compounds thereof, or articial rubbers, interposed between a volatile liquid hydrocarbon and the gas to be enriched or impregnated therewith, for enabling the hydrocarbon to enrich and impreguate the gas, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

DELOS R. BAKER.

lVitnesses:

J. WM. STREHLI, E. R. HILL.

IOO 

